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The Robots Are Coming
Actually, they're here already. Phase 2 of the invasion now commences.

Commerce & Capital is a weekly ode to universal truths, first principles thinking, leading with integrity, learning with humility & executing with confidence.
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Hey Friends
One of my favourite Silicon Valley stories of all time is about the VC-pitching style of Adi Tatarko, who, along with her husband Alon Cohen, founded the much-vaunted home decor app Houzz.
I took notice of Houzz back in the early 2010s when I was leading a tech team of my own pitching VCs and raising money to build a social shopping app called Bratlist.
The story with Adi was that she had a very folksy, informal style when pitching the concept of Houzz, a style that threw people off but eventually endeared her to them.
Her style was the anti-pitch: she wasn’t selling at all. She would barely talk about the app. She was famous for casually inviting investors and interested prospectors out for coffees and conversations, spending far more time talking about the nuances of their lives than her digital commerce platform that she wanted them to notice and give her money for.
Adi is a big fan of building relationships first and foremost. Commerce can always come later. I always resonated with Adi’s story because I myself have a hard time embracing the hard sell over my career. Sales is the lifeblood of a revenue-positive business, of course. But in my experience sales can be fleeting and ephemeral without trust, without a sense of community.
Sales is the lifeblood of any revenue-positive business, of course. But in my experience sales can be fleeting and ephemeral without trust, without a sense of community.
I have been paying more attention to the business of newsletters this year, and the conventional wisdom continues to be, like much of the content marketing world: "You're supposed to be pushing products! Promote your services! Shove your offers down people's throats!"
I started this humble newsletter months ago to share stories and ideas and insights, analyze the world of commerce and the capital markets and explore the ever-shifting tides of business and finance through a critical lens.
Commerce & Capital is no doubt a TOFU (top of funnel) approach to a soon-to-launch wider world of digital products, videos and media. But the main act is the writing, the analysis, the weekly dissection of the world around us.
While I may mention products or offerings here and there when relevant, rest assured the driving force remains the same — a commitment to building a foundation of quality writing, and unbiased analysis of business, social and cultural events and ideas that other writers can eventually join me in.
We live in a world drenched in marketing, where every brand is shouting out every couple seconds to get your attention. I’m here to do that too. But I want to earn your trust, build our relationship over time, and foster a legacy of giving you great value every time you interact with Commerce & Capital.
There's a world ahead of questions to be asked. Complexities to untangle and demystify. Ideologies to scrutinize, disruptions to analyze — and no shortage of sacred cows to prod and poke.
Stay curious, friends.
Onwards and upwards,
Moshe Modeira
Editor-In-Chief
Commerce & Capital
Today’s Sponsor: Clarity Construction

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Thought of the Week: Twenty One Pilots’ Ascendance
I’m a huge fan of good music. Like many millennials, hiphop has probably been the genre that captured most of my bandwidth over the years, but I love rock, I love soul, I love alternative, I love indie music and even, on occasion, can enjoy some country music and bluegrass. Anyone who knows me or came to any of my events over the years can attest that I take pride in my abilities as a curator and tastemaker on the music side of things as well. I just love good music, and I’ve never been a snob or a purist or an elitist when it comes any particular genre or sound.
That being said, admittedly I have never once in my life purposely given the band Twenty One Pilots any attention whatsoever. Some of their songs have of course floated into my zeitgeist over the past fifteen years since they debuted, but I never dug deeper, listened to any of their albums, knew who they were or had any frame of reference for the lore and discography of the band. I couldn't name a single one of their songs a calendar week ago.
After stumbling across their latest album CLANCY (it’s the top Rock album on the charts at the moment), and taking note of the sheer output and quality of music they have churned out over the last decade — I have no choice but to put this band in the prolific category.
I'm still scratching my head wondering how this random duo from Columbus, Ohio ascended to this level of musical brilliance over the 2010s. These guys really crafted an incredibly special musical legacy that I somehow completely missed over the years.
Drummer Josh Dun & Vocalist Tyler Joseph
You would have to put them in the “Alternative” rock category, but just barely. What shocked me is their sonic versatility. From hip-hop to pop to rock to reggae and beyond, they wield disparate influences into an unmistakable signature sound. Think about the stark difference between a hard-hitting rock anthem like "Jumpsuit" and a stripped-back indie folk ballad like "Mulberry Street." Not to mention their biggest mainstream smashes that showcase even more dynamism, like the slinky reggae-pop jam "Overcompensate."
There are few bands I can just let their catalog play on shuffle and have every song feel like an absolute banger. That's my definition of a Greatest Band of All Time. The ability to masterfully blend genres, styles, vibes into a cohesive, unique sound that's both accessible and substantive.
Twenty One Pilots have etched themselves into the discussion of all-time great bands through sheer force of creative will and resistance to convention. I'm admittedly late to this realization, but CLANCY is a culminating masterpiece that solidifies their status.
The full scope of their influence may not be fully grasped for years to come, I realized over this week of falling into their music universe.
Market Alpha: Reading The Tea Leaves
Market Alpha is a new section with a focus on weekly analysis of the capital markets, and the socio-political and economic implications of market activity.
The United States Federal Reserve's decision to hold interest rates steady at a target range of 5.25 to 5.5 precent instead of cutting them in an effort to combat stubbornly high inflation is dominating economic conversations. While some are touting immediate rate cuts in a bid to cool demand and ease price pressures, economists warn that it could potentially slow down the broader economy more than desired. Others are emphasizing underlying robustness of the economy, buttressed by ongoing technological advancements (AI, robotics) that have the potential to drive productivity gains and growth in the near future.
An interesting political ramification of holding the interest rates, signalling instead that they may be cut later in the year in the fall or winter, will be that any resulting positive outcomes for the economy may become attributed to the newly elected president — possibly Donald Trump.
Amidst these debates, concerns about an impending recession continue to loom large, compounded by widespread worries over inflation. As costs continue to rise across the board, both companies and households are feeling the squeeze, with many questioning how long this cycle of elevated prices can persist before more severe economic consequences set in.
The housing market is continuing to cool across North America, drastically influencing buyer behaviour and market dynamics. With mortgage rates climbing steadily, affordability has become a significant challenge, dampening demand and leading to significant downturn across the real estate sector.
The capital markets continue to exhibit marked volatility.The climate of uncertainty is leading to significant swings in equity prices, as market participants attempt to price in the potential impacts of monetary policy movements and the impending risks of a recession.
Against this backdrop of mounting economic challenges, underscored by a growing emphasis on technology and innovation as companies seek competitive edges, brands like Adobe and Mastercard are aggressively pivoting towards environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations. This reflects broader shifts towards sustainable practices and stakeholder accountability, as companies seek to adapt to grab some good PR, steward away possible long-term risks associated with climate change and also jockey for position in the coming carbon-credits marketplace being spearheaded by the Biden Administration.
Globally, economic challenges persist, exacerbated by inflationary pressures and geopolitical tensions. It continues to be an intensely complex environment for investment decision-makers across all sectors. Navigating the markets effectively over the next while will require a sobering combination of Spockian patience, a dogged commitment to out-of-the-box thinking, and keeping a loyal imperative to practice conscious, ethical capitalism.
Commerce & Capital: The Robots Are Coming
The Robotics Arms Race is in Full Swing
Let’s turn our attention to a sector every entrepreneur should have on their radar right now: the ongoing arms race to develop advanced physical robots.
For a wide range of applications, from daily living assistance to manufacturing to even military purposes, robotics has intensified in recent years. A cluster of startups worldwide are vying to be at the forefront of this technological revolution, with several prominent players emerging from the bustling tech hub of Boston, Massachusetts — and the ever-ambitious Elon Musk's Optimus program at Tesla leading the pack.

Boston has been a hotbed for robotics because of it’s access to top-flight academic talent (Harvard and MIT) and a plethora of industrial robotics startups. Companies like Boston Dynamics, now a subsidiary of Hyundai Motor Group, have been making waves for years now, toggling between making incremental and monumental advancements in the field of robotics.
All those robot videos you ever see are clips from Boston Dynamics videos. Their Atlas and Spot robots have captured the imagination of the public with their impressive mobility, agility, and ability to navigate complex terrains. Boston Dynamics' robots are already being used in industries such as construction, industrial inspection, and even package delivery, garnering widespread acclaim and recognition.
Another Boston-based company, Rethink Robotics, has been dominating the development of collaborative robots or cobots designed to work alongside humans in industrial settings. Rethink’s Sawyer and Baxter robots have been transformative, widely adopted by many manufacturers seeking to increase efficiency, productivity and safety.
Behind the scenes, Elon Musk's Optimus program at Tesla has been cooking up some jaw-dropping advancements in the category. Musk has recently generated significant buzz, with more revelation of his ambitious plans to develop a general-purpose humanoid robot. During Tesla's AI Day event this week, Musk unveiled a prototype of the Optimus robot, showcasing its ability to perform tasks such as watering plants, carrying boxes, and even dancing. While still in its early stages, Optimus has the potential to revolutionize various industries, from manufacturing and construction to healthcare and personal assistance.
Other notable players in the physical robotics race include companies like Agility Robotics, which has developed advanced bipedal robots capable of navigating complex environments, and Sarcos Robotics (now Palladyne AI) — whose Guardian line of robotic exoskeletons aim to augment human strength and endurance for the most demanding of tasks.
In the realm of military applications, companies like Philadelphia-based Ghost Robotics have been developing advanced legged robots for reconnaissance and surveillance missions. These agile and resilient robots have already been field-tested by various militaries, and there is growing demand for robotic solutions in military defence and domestic security scenarios.
It’s been eye-opening paying closer attention to this sector. Make no mistake: the robots are coming. These robotics companies will continue to push the boundaries of what's possible. Mankind is hurtling towards a remarkably different future where robots will become an integral part of our daily lives and workplaces. Within the next five years we could witness the introduction of sophisticated robots capable of assisting with household chores, caring for the elderly, and even performing complex manufacturing tasks alongside human workers.
The robotics revolution also raises important ethical and societal concerns that must be addressed. Issues such as the potential displacement of human labour, the need for strict safety protocols, and the ethical implications of deploying robots in military or law enforcement contexts will require careful consideration and oversight.
CTA: Where Do You Stand?
As the arms race for advanced physical robots intensifies, it’s clear that the companies at the forefront of this revolution will not only shape the future of robotics but also have a profound impact on our society, economy, and way of life. What are your thoughts? Are you excited about the accelerating advancements in the field — or are you cautious about the negative implications / impacts that could come with the mainstreaming of robots? Drop us a comment or send us a message 🙏
Life Design: Launch a Sales Team in 1 Week
The idea of "building a sales team" can feel daunting when someone brings it up to you as an entrepreneur, creator or brand owner. It seems like something only huge brands and companies with massive budgets can pull off.
The truth is that even solopreneurs and small startups can quickly implement a powerful sales engines on a tight budget.
I did just that a few years back. Back in 2019, I was hired as a consultant with an EDI software startup, tasked with creating their entire sales infrastructure from scratch. I'm talking end to end — CRM setup, revenue modeling, sales decks, post-sale processes —.the whole nine yards. The catch? We had to execute all of this with a modest $500 monthly budget, while aiming for a month-over-month revenue growth of around 125%.
I rolled up my sleeves and got to work. Backed by an amazing team, tenacious work ethic and a persistent mindset, we blew right past our lofty 90-day targets, and set the software startup up for sales success for years to come.
For anyone looking to rapidly launch a lean sales operation in 2024, here's a blueprint for how we made it happen:
Perspective
Don't underestimate the power of perspective. Lock in on these three mental modes:
Be an insatiable learner. Consume any and all relevant content that will give you and edge, even if it doesn't directly answer your questions today. Those insights could unlock solutions tomorrow.
Persist through frustrations. There will be miscalculated sales pushes and campaigns that test your perseverance. But remind yourself you're building something greater, and plow ahead.
Stay humble while being fearless. Have the audacity to take this sales and marketing challenge head-on, but also the humility to ask for help and start over when needed.
Vision
Making sales is mission-critical — but it's really about getting everyone to buy in and rally around a larger vision. That can look like:
Hiring a product team that intimately understands your ICP (ideal customer profile)
Charting a strategic mission beyond just profits (ex: sustainability, education, innovation)
Setting ambitious, achievable revenue targets that challenge your whole team and stretches everyone’s capabilities
Tools
Leverage this lean, modern tech stack to maximize efficiency:
Google Workspace ($8/user/mo) for email, docs, storage
Slack (free or $8/user/mo) for team communication
Zapier ($20-60/mo) for automated workflows
LinkedIn Sales Navigator ($90/mo) for prospect outreach
Zoho CRM ($23/user/mo) for pipeline management
DocuSign ($25/user/mo) for eSignatures
Bill.com ($59/mo) for invoicing and receivables
Basecamp ($99/year) for project/task oversight
Between instituting the proper mindset across teams, setting the vision, establishing revenue goals and making the effort to build out an affordable but robust tech funnel, we are now in the age where really anyone — not just the bigs — can construct a formidable sales engine.
Seize the opportunity to propel your venture towards exponential growth. Launch your sales program this week.
You have the blueprint — forge ahead and transform vision into reality.
Trending Now
Tesla’s AI Powered Robot (Optimus) is Actually Insane - Farzad on YouTube: At Tesla's recent shareholder meeting, Elon Musk unveiled ambitious plans for an AI-powered humanoid robot called Optimus, which he claims represents a staggering $25 trillion market opportunity. Like Tesla's early challenges in creating an EV supply chain, the company has had to design every component of the robot from scratch since no existing supply chain exists for humanoid robots. However, Tesla has advantages as an established company with extensive financial resources, manufacturing expertise, and prowess in engineering and AI compared to startups. While prototypes are relatively easy, achieving viable mass production at scale is tremendously difficult — a parallel to Tesla's EV ramp. Despite the outrageous-sounding $25 trillion projection, the potential ubiquity of capable, low-cost humanoid robots could massively disrupt and reshape many industries and labor forces, lending plausibility to Musk's claims. His track record of realizing seemingly unrealistic visions adds credibility, but the core challenge remains execution — whether Tesla can actually deliver a viable, mass-market humanoid robot product.
paul graham on reading, writing and thinking - @keshavchan: This deeply resonated when I came across it years ago, and I was happy to see it come across my radar again. Venture capitalist and writer Paul Graham argues that good writing and clear thinking are inextricably linked. He posits that the act of writing forces one to iterate on half-baked thoughts, exposing muddled reasoning and gaps in logic. I love Graham’s contention — that lifting oneself out of the "river of opinion" via attentive reading and thoughtful writing yields not just better expression, but cognitive benefits that compound over time. His overarching point is that writing and reading are invaluable practices for sharpening reasoning abilities and avoiding sloppy, superficial thinking.
paul graham on reading, writing and thinking
— keshav (@keshavchan)
2:10 PM • Jun 17, 2024
📚 Book Shelf
The Way We Never Were: American Families and the Nostalgia Trap by Stephanie Coontz. Author Stephanie Coontz challenges the widespread notion of a golden age of the traditional nuclear family in the 1950s, arguing that this idealized family setup is largely a myth created by 1950s media and culture. Coontz draws on extensive research in a bid to show that the "traditional" family (man, wife, 2.5 kids) was not the norm historically or cross-culturally. She show how families in the past dealt with high rates of spousal abandonment, tragedy, abuse, and economic instability, contending that our societal clinging to nostalgia and outdated family models prevents us from addressing unique challenges families face today.
Sacred Economics by Charles Eisenstein. An extremely well-argued and inspiring book. Eisenstein argues that our current monetary system is fundamentally flawed, as it treats money as an impersonal instrument disconnected from broader social and ecological realities. He calls for a radically different "sacred economics" that restores money's traditional role as a means of facilitating the exchange of gifts within an interconnected web of social relations and ecological cycles. Eisenstein envisions an integrated, spiritual approach to money that enhances human relations and reverses the alienation and exploitation perpetuated within our current profit-driven system.
The (Mis)Behaviour of Markets: A Fractal View of Financial Turbulence by Benoit Mandelbrot. Mandelbrot challenges the prevalent assumption in finance that market movements follow a normal distribution pattern. Drawing on fractal geometry concepts, he demonstrates how markets actually exhibit "wildly" erratic behaviour with extreme fluctuations occurring more frequently than traditional models predict. Mandelbrot's insights have profound implications for risk management, portfolio theory and our understanding the inherent instability of markets. He highlights the need to better account for turbulent dynamics in financial modelling and investment decision-making.
📰 Articles
How A TikTok Ban Would Wreak Havoc On The Creator Economy - Forbes: I have written effusively about my thoughts on the TikTok ban and how anti-competitive and hypocritical it is. I love that Forbes’ Tim Clark goes in hard here discussing the potential impact of a TikTok ban on the wider creator economy, and the undue financial strain the ban will cause for creators and brands that rely on the platform. TikTok has become a major source of income for many creators, and the ban will disrupt how brands advertise. Clark further encourages creators to mitigate risk by diversifying content across platforms.
See y’all next week 🙏 Would love to hear your thoughts! Leave your comments below.
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